ICT and Productivity: A Review of the Literature
نویسنده
چکیده
In this report we review the literature on the relationship between ICT and productivity. In Sect. 1 we discuss in broad terms thetheoretical relationship between ICT and productivity, while in Sect. 2 we present the growth accounting methodology, whichtries to measure the contributions to growth from difference sources (ICT and non ICT capital, human capital, total factorproductivity). Within the growth-accounting methodology, in Sect. 3, we discuss the U.S. E.U. productivity gap and the role ofICTs, and we show that the latter are responsible for the U.S. acceleration in productivity growth observed in the period 1996-2006 and for the widening of the U.S. – E.U. productivity gap in the same period. Then, in Sect. 4, we move to regression basedstudies, and we review the literature that uses macro, meso (sectoral) and firm/plant level data. While the overall message onthe importance of ICT for growth coming from this literature is consistent with the findings of the studies based on growthaccounting, the econometric approach allows researchers to investigate a wider set of questions. In particular, we focus on therole of ICT as a General Purpose Technology aspects and we review the literature studying the role of ICT and complementaryassets in firms' productivity and the literature exploring the positive externalities related to ICT capital and the impact of ICTusage on the innovative capability of firms. Finally, we also review the literature on the relationship between ICT infrastructuresand GDP growth.JEL codes: D22, D24, E01, O30, O47
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